/*	$NetBSD: radix.c,v 1.9 2024/02/21 22:52:29 christos Exp $	*/

/*
 * Copyright (C) Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
 */

/*
 * This source was adapted from MRT's RCS Ids:
 * Id: radix.c,v 1.10.2.1 1999/11/29 05:16:24 masaki Exp
 * Id: prefix.c,v 1.37.2.9 2000/03/10 02:53:19 labovit Exp
 */

#include <inttypes.h>

#include <isc/mem.h>
#include <isc/radix.h>
#include <isc/types.h>
#include <isc/util.h>

#define BIT_TEST(f, b) (((f) & (b)) != 0)

static isc_result_t
_new_prefix(isc_mem_t *mctx, isc_prefix_t **target, int family, void *dest,
	    int bitlen);

static void
_deref_prefix(isc_prefix_t *prefix);

static isc_result_t
_ref_prefix(isc_mem_t *mctx, isc_prefix_t **target, isc_prefix_t *prefix);

static int
_comp_with_mask(void *addr, void *dest, u_int mask);

static void
_clear_radix(isc_radix_tree_t *radix, isc_radix_destroyfunc_t func);

static isc_result_t
_new_prefix(isc_mem_t *mctx, isc_prefix_t **target, int family, void *dest,
	    int bitlen) {
	isc_prefix_t *prefix;

	REQUIRE(target != NULL);

	if (family != AF_INET6 && family != AF_INET && family != AF_UNSPEC) {
		return (ISC_R_NOTIMPLEMENTED);
	}

	prefix = isc_mem_get(mctx, sizeof(isc_prefix_t));

	if (family == AF_INET6) {
		prefix->bitlen = (bitlen >= 0) ? bitlen : 128;
		memmove(&prefix->add.sin6, dest, 16);
	} else {
		/* AF_UNSPEC is "any" or "none"--treat it as AF_INET */
		prefix->bitlen = (bitlen >= 0) ? bitlen : 32;
		memmove(&prefix->add.sin, dest, 4);
	}

	prefix->family = family;
	prefix->mctx = NULL;
	isc_mem_attach(mctx, &prefix->mctx);

	isc_refcount_init(&prefix->refcount, 1);

	*target = prefix;
	return (ISC_R_SUCCESS);
}

static void
_deref_prefix(isc_prefix_t *prefix) {
	if (prefix != NULL) {
		if (isc_refcount_decrement(&prefix->refcount) == 1) {
			isc_refcount_destroy(&prefix->refcount);
			isc_mem_putanddetach(&prefix->mctx, prefix,
					     sizeof(isc_prefix_t));
		}
	}
}

static isc_result_t
_ref_prefix(isc_mem_t *mctx, isc_prefix_t **target, isc_prefix_t *prefix) {
	INSIST(prefix != NULL);
	INSIST((prefix->family == AF_INET && prefix->bitlen <= 32) ||
	       (prefix->family == AF_INET6 && prefix->bitlen <= 128) ||
	       (prefix->family == AF_UNSPEC && prefix->bitlen == 0));
	REQUIRE(target != NULL && *target == NULL);

	/*
	 * If this prefix is a static allocation, copy it into new memory.
	 * (Note, the refcount still has to be destroyed by the calling
	 * routine.)
	 */
	if (isc_refcount_current(&prefix->refcount) == 0) {
		isc_result_t ret;
		ret = _new_prefix(mctx, target, prefix->family, &prefix->add,
				  prefix->bitlen);
		return (ret);
	}

	isc_refcount_increment(&prefix->refcount);

	*target = prefix;
	return (ISC_R_SUCCESS);
}

static int
_comp_with_mask(void *addr, void *dest, u_int mask) {
	/* Mask length of zero matches everything */
	if (mask == 0) {
		return (1);
	}

	if (memcmp(addr, dest, mask / 8) == 0) {
		u_int n = mask / 8;
		u_int m = ((~0U) << (8 - (mask % 8)));

		if ((mask % 8) == 0 ||
		    (((u_char *)addr)[n] & m) == (((u_char *)dest)[n] & m))
		{
			return (1);
		}
	}
	return (0);
}

isc_result_t
isc_radix_create(isc_mem_t *mctx, isc_radix_tree_t **target, int maxbits) {
	isc_radix_tree_t *radix;

	REQUIRE(target != NULL && *target == NULL);

	radix = isc_mem_get(mctx, sizeof(isc_radix_tree_t));

	radix->mctx = NULL;
	isc_mem_attach(mctx, &radix->mctx);
	radix->maxbits = maxbits;
	radix->head = NULL;
	radix->num_active_node = 0;
	radix->num_added_node = 0;
	RUNTIME_CHECK(maxbits <= RADIX_MAXBITS); /* XXX */
	radix->magic = RADIX_TREE_MAGIC;
	*target = radix;
	return (ISC_R_SUCCESS);
}

/*
 * if func is supplied, it will be called as func(node->data)
 * before deleting the node
 */

static void
_clear_radix(isc_radix_tree_t *radix, isc_radix_destroyfunc_t func) {
	REQUIRE(radix != NULL);

	if (radix->head != NULL) {
		isc_radix_node_t *Xstack[RADIX_MAXBITS + 1];
		isc_radix_node_t **Xsp = Xstack;
		isc_radix_node_t *Xrn = radix->head;

		while (Xrn != NULL) {
			isc_radix_node_t *l = Xrn->l;
			isc_radix_node_t *r = Xrn->r;

			if (Xrn->prefix != NULL) {
				_deref_prefix(Xrn->prefix);
				if (func != NULL) {
					func(Xrn->data);
				}
			} else {
				INSIST(Xrn->data[RADIX_V4] == NULL &&
				       Xrn->data[RADIX_V6] == NULL);
			}

			isc_mem_put(radix->mctx, Xrn, sizeof(*Xrn));
			radix->num_active_node--;

			if (l != NULL) {
				if (r != NULL) {
					*Xsp++ = r;
				}
				Xrn = l;
			} else if (r != NULL) {
				Xrn = r;
			} else if (Xsp != Xstack) {
				Xrn = *(--Xsp);
			} else {
				Xrn = NULL;
			}
		}
	}
	RUNTIME_CHECK(radix->num_active_node == 0);
}

void
isc_radix_destroy(isc_radix_tree_t *radix, isc_radix_destroyfunc_t func) {
	REQUIRE(radix != NULL);
	_clear_radix(radix, func);
	isc_mem_putanddetach(&radix->mctx, radix, sizeof(*radix));
}

/*
 * func will be called as func(node->prefix, node->data)
 */
void
isc_radix_process(isc_radix_tree_t *radix, isc_radix_processfunc_t func) {
	isc_radix_node_t *node;

	REQUIRE(func != NULL);

	RADIX_WALK(radix->head, node) { func(node->prefix, node->data); }
	RADIX_WALK_END;
}

isc_result_t
isc_radix_search(isc_radix_tree_t *radix, isc_radix_node_t **target,
		 isc_prefix_t *prefix) {
	isc_radix_node_t *node;
	isc_radix_node_t *stack[RADIX_MAXBITS + 1];
	u_char *addr;
	uint32_t bitlen;
	int tfam = -1, cnt = 0;

	REQUIRE(radix != NULL);
	REQUIRE(prefix != NULL);
	REQUIRE(target != NULL && *target == NULL);
	RUNTIME_CHECK(prefix->bitlen <= radix->maxbits);

	*target = NULL;

	node = radix->head;

	if (node == NULL) {
		return (ISC_R_NOTFOUND);
	}

	addr = isc_prefix_touchar(prefix);
	bitlen = prefix->bitlen;

	while (node != NULL && node->bit < bitlen) {
		if (node->prefix) {
			stack[cnt++] = node;
		}

		if (BIT_TEST(addr[node->bit >> 3], 0x80 >> (node->bit & 0x07)))
		{
			node = node->r;
		} else {
			node = node->l;
		}
	}

	if (node != NULL && node->prefix) {
		stack[cnt++] = node;
	}

	while (cnt-- > 0) {
		node = stack[cnt];

		if (prefix->bitlen < node->bit) {
			continue;
		}

		if (_comp_with_mask(isc_prefix_tochar(node->prefix),
				    isc_prefix_tochar(prefix),
				    node->prefix->bitlen))
		{
			int fam = ISC_RADIX_FAMILY(prefix);
			if (node->node_num[fam] != -1 &&
			    ((*target == NULL) ||
			     (*target)->node_num[tfam] > node->node_num[fam]))
			{
				*target = node;
				tfam = fam;
			}
		}
	}

	if (*target == NULL) {
		return (ISC_R_NOTFOUND);
	} else {
		return (ISC_R_SUCCESS);
	}
}

isc_result_t
isc_radix_insert(isc_radix_tree_t *radix, isc_radix_node_t **target,
		 isc_radix_node_t *source, isc_prefix_t *prefix) {
	isc_radix_node_t *node, *new_node, *parent, *glue = NULL;
	u_char *addr, *test_addr;
	uint32_t bitlen, fam, check_bit, differ_bit;
	uint32_t i, j, r;
	isc_result_t result;

	REQUIRE(radix != NULL);
	REQUIRE(target != NULL && *target == NULL);
	REQUIRE(prefix != NULL || (source != NULL && source->prefix != NULL));
	RUNTIME_CHECK(prefix == NULL || prefix->bitlen <= radix->maxbits);

	if (prefix == NULL) {
		prefix = source->prefix;
	}

	INSIST(prefix != NULL);

	bitlen = prefix->bitlen;
	fam = prefix->family;

	if (radix->head == NULL) {
		node = isc_mem_get(radix->mctx, sizeof(isc_radix_node_t));
		node->bit = bitlen;
		for (i = 0; i < RADIX_FAMILIES; i++) {
			node->node_num[i] = -1;
		}
		node->prefix = NULL;
		result = _ref_prefix(radix->mctx, &node->prefix, prefix);
		if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
			isc_mem_put(radix->mctx, node,
				    sizeof(isc_radix_node_t));
			return (result);
		}
		node->parent = NULL;
		node->l = node->r = NULL;
		if (source != NULL) {
			/*
			 * If source is non-NULL, then we're merging in a
			 * node from an existing radix tree.  To keep
			 * the node_num values consistent, the calling
			 * function will add the total number of nodes
			 * added to num_added_node at the end of
			 * the merge operation--we don't do it here.
			 */
			for (i = 0; i < RADIX_FAMILIES; i++) {
				if (source->node_num[i] != -1) {
					node->node_num[i] =
						radix->num_added_node +
						source->node_num[i];
				}
				node->data[i] = source->data[i];
			}
		} else {
			int next = ++radix->num_added_node;
			if (fam == AF_UNSPEC) {
				/* "any" or "none" */
				for (i = 0; i < RADIX_FAMILIES; i++) {
					node->node_num[i] = next;
				}
			} else {
				node->node_num[ISC_RADIX_FAMILY(prefix)] = next;
			}

			memset(node->data, 0, sizeof(node->data));
		}
		radix->head = node;
		radix->num_active_node++;
		*target = node;
		return (ISC_R_SUCCESS);
	}

	addr = isc_prefix_touchar(prefix);
	node = radix->head;

	while (node->bit < bitlen || node->prefix == NULL) {
		if (node->bit < radix->maxbits &&
		    BIT_TEST(addr[node->bit >> 3], 0x80 >> (node->bit & 0x07)))
		{
			if (node->r == NULL) {
				break;
			}
			node = node->r;
		} else {
			if (node->l == NULL) {
				break;
			}
			node = node->l;
		}

		INSIST(node != NULL);
	}

	INSIST(node->prefix != NULL);

	test_addr = isc_prefix_touchar(node->prefix);
	/* Find the first bit different. */
	check_bit = (node->bit < bitlen) ? node->bit : bitlen;
	differ_bit = 0;
	for (i = 0; i * 8 < check_bit; i++) {
		if ((r = (addr[i] ^ test_addr[i])) == 0) {
			differ_bit = (i + 1) * 8;
			continue;
		}
		/* I know the better way, but for now. */
		for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
			if (BIT_TEST(r, (0x80 >> j))) {
				break;
			}
		}
		/* Must be found. */
		INSIST(j < 8);
		differ_bit = i * 8 + j;
		break;
	}

	if (differ_bit > check_bit) {
		differ_bit = check_bit;
	}

	parent = node->parent;
	while (parent != NULL && parent->bit >= differ_bit) {
		node = parent;
		parent = node->parent;
	}

	if (differ_bit == bitlen && node->bit == bitlen) {
		if (node->prefix != NULL) {
			/* Set node_num only if it hasn't been set before */
			if (source != NULL) {
				/* Merging nodes */
				for (i = 0; i < RADIX_FAMILIES; i++) {
					if (node->node_num[i] == -1 &&
					    source->node_num[i] != -1)
					{
						node->node_num[i] =
							radix->num_added_node +
							source->node_num[i];
						node->data[i] = source->data[i];
					}
				}
			} else {
				if (fam == AF_UNSPEC) {
					/* "any" or "none" */
					int next = radix->num_added_node + 1;
					for (i = 0; i < RADIX_FAMILIES; i++) {
						if (node->node_num[i] == -1) {
							node->node_num[i] =
								next;
							radix->num_added_node =
								next;
						}
					}
				} else {
					int foff = ISC_RADIX_FAMILY(prefix);
					if (node->node_num[foff] == -1) {
						node->node_num[foff] =
							++radix->num_added_node;
					}
				}
			}
			*target = node;
			return (ISC_R_SUCCESS);
		} else {
			result = _ref_prefix(radix->mctx, &node->prefix,
					     prefix);
			if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
				return (result);
			}
		}
		INSIST(node->data[RADIX_V4] == NULL &&
		       node->node_num[RADIX_V4] == -1 &&
		       node->data[RADIX_V4] == NULL &&
		       node->node_num[RADIX_V4] == -1);
		if (source != NULL) {
			/* Merging node */
			for (i = 0; i < RADIX_FAMILIES; i++) {
				int cur = radix->num_added_node;
				if (source->node_num[i] != -1) {
					node->node_num[i] =
						source->node_num[i] + cur;
					node->data[i] = source->data[i];
				}
			}
		} else {
			int next = ++radix->num_added_node;
			if (fam == AF_UNSPEC) {
				/* "any" or "none" */
				for (i = 0; i < RADIX_FAMILIES; i++) {
					node->node_num[i] = next;
				}
			} else {
				node->node_num[ISC_RADIX_FAMILY(prefix)] = next;
			}
		}
		*target = node;
		return (ISC_R_SUCCESS);
	}

	new_node = isc_mem_get(radix->mctx, sizeof(isc_radix_node_t));
	if (node->bit != differ_bit && bitlen != differ_bit) {
		glue = isc_mem_get(radix->mctx, sizeof(isc_radix_node_t));
	}
	new_node->bit = bitlen;
	new_node->prefix = NULL;
	result = _ref_prefix(radix->mctx, &new_node->prefix, prefix);
	if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
		isc_mem_put(radix->mctx, new_node, sizeof(isc_radix_node_t));
		if (glue != NULL) {
			isc_mem_put(radix->mctx, glue,
				    sizeof(isc_radix_node_t));
		}
		return (result);
	}
	new_node->parent = NULL;
	new_node->l = new_node->r = NULL;
	for (i = 0; i < RADIX_FAMILIES; i++) {
		new_node->node_num[i] = -1;
		new_node->data[i] = NULL;
	}
	radix->num_active_node++;

	if (source != NULL) {
		/* Merging node */
		for (i = 0; i < RADIX_FAMILIES; i++) {
			int cur = radix->num_added_node;
			if (source->node_num[i] != -1) {
				new_node->node_num[i] = source->node_num[i] +
							cur;
				new_node->data[i] = source->data[i];
			}
		}
	} else {
		int next = ++radix->num_added_node;
		if (fam == AF_UNSPEC) {
			/* "any" or "none" */
			for (i = 0; i < RADIX_FAMILIES; i++) {
				new_node->node_num[i] = next;
			}
		} else {
			new_node->node_num[ISC_RADIX_FAMILY(prefix)] = next;
		}
		memset(new_node->data, 0, sizeof(new_node->data));
	}

	if (node->bit == differ_bit) {
		INSIST(glue == NULL);
		new_node->parent = node;
		if (node->bit < radix->maxbits &&
		    BIT_TEST(addr[node->bit >> 3], 0x80 >> (node->bit & 0x07)))
		{
			INSIST(node->r == NULL);
			node->r = new_node;
		} else {
			INSIST(node->l == NULL);
			node->l = new_node;
		}
		*target = new_node;
		return (ISC_R_SUCCESS);
	}

	if (bitlen == differ_bit) {
		INSIST(glue == NULL);
		if (bitlen < radix->maxbits &&
		    BIT_TEST(test_addr[bitlen >> 3], 0x80 >> (bitlen & 0x07)))
		{
			new_node->r = node;
		} else {
			new_node->l = node;
		}
		new_node->parent = node->parent;
		if (node->parent == NULL) {
			INSIST(radix->head == node);
			radix->head = new_node;
		} else if (node->parent->r == node) {
			node->parent->r = new_node;
		} else {
			node->parent->l = new_node;
		}
		node->parent = new_node;
	} else {
		INSIST(glue != NULL);
		glue->bit = differ_bit;
		glue->prefix = NULL;
		glue->parent = node->parent;
		for (i = 0; i < RADIX_FAMILIES; i++) {
			glue->data[i] = NULL;
			glue->node_num[i] = -1;
		}
		radix->num_active_node++;
		if (differ_bit < radix->maxbits &&
		    BIT_TEST(addr[differ_bit >> 3], 0x80 >> (differ_bit & 07)))
		{
			glue->r = new_node;
			glue->l = node;
		} else {
			glue->r = node;
			glue->l = new_node;
		}
		new_node->parent = glue;

		if (node->parent == NULL) {
			INSIST(radix->head == node);
			radix->head = glue;
		} else if (node->parent->r == node) {
			node->parent->r = glue;
		} else {
			node->parent->l = glue;
		}
		node->parent = glue;
	}

	*target = new_node;
	return (ISC_R_SUCCESS);
}

void
isc_radix_remove(isc_radix_tree_t *radix, isc_radix_node_t *node) {
	isc_radix_node_t *parent, *child;

	REQUIRE(radix != NULL);
	REQUIRE(node != NULL);

	if (node->r && node->l) {
		/*
		 * This might be a placeholder node -- have to check and
		 * make sure there is a prefix associated with it!
		 */
		if (node->prefix != NULL) {
			_deref_prefix(node->prefix);
		}

		node->prefix = NULL;
		memset(node->data, 0, sizeof(node->data));
		return;
	}

	if (node->r == NULL && node->l == NULL) {
		parent = node->parent;
		_deref_prefix(node->prefix);

		if (parent == NULL) {
			INSIST(radix->head == node);
			radix->head = NULL;
			isc_mem_put(radix->mctx, node, sizeof(*node));
			radix->num_active_node--;
			return;
		}

		if (parent->r == node) {
			parent->r = NULL;
			child = parent->l;
		} else {
			INSIST(parent->l == node);
			parent->l = NULL;
			child = parent->r;
		}

		isc_mem_put(radix->mctx, node, sizeof(*node));
		radix->num_active_node--;

		if (parent->prefix) {
			return;
		}

		/* We need to remove parent too. */
		if (parent->parent == NULL) {
			INSIST(radix->head == parent);
			radix->head = child;
		} else if (parent->parent->r == parent) {
			parent->parent->r = child;
		} else {
			INSIST(parent->parent->l == parent);
			parent->parent->l = child;
		}

		child->parent = parent->parent;
		isc_mem_put(radix->mctx, parent, sizeof(*parent));
		radix->num_active_node--;
		return;
	}

	if (node->r) {
		child = node->r;
	} else {
		INSIST(node->l != NULL);
		child = node->l;
	}

	parent = node->parent;
	child->parent = parent;

	_deref_prefix(node->prefix);

	if (parent == NULL) {
		INSIST(radix->head == node);
		radix->head = child;
		isc_mem_put(radix->mctx, node, sizeof(*node));
		radix->num_active_node--;
		return;
	}

	if (parent->r == node) {
		parent->r = child;
	} else {
		INSIST(parent->l == node);
		parent->l = child;
	}

	isc_mem_put(radix->mctx, node, sizeof(*node));
	radix->num_active_node--;
}